As a parent, one of your top priorities is ensuring your child’s health and safety. Immunisation is a key part of that protection. While the process of vaccinations might feel a little daunting, know that they play an essential role in protecting your little one from serious diseases like measles, whooping cough, and polio. Let’s take a deep breath and walk through the facts together in this guide to childhood immunisation.
What is Childhood Immunisation and Why is It Important?
Immunisation helps protect your child from serious, preventable diseases by using vaccines. These vaccines teach your child’s immune system to fight harmful germs. Vaccines are especially important in early childhood because they protect against diseases like measles, rubella, and chickenpox - illnesses that can have severe consequences for young children.
Immunisation Schedule for Babies and Toddlers: What Vaccines Does My Child Need?
Australia’s National Immunisation Program (NIP) provides vaccines for free and recommends a specific vaccination schedule. Here’s a quick look at the vaccines your child will receive in their first few years:
- At Birth: Hepatitis B (first dose)
- 2 Months: Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (whooping cough), Polio, Hib, Hepatitis B (second dose), and Rotavirus
- 4 Months: Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Polio, Hib, Hepatitis B (third dose), and Rotavirus
- 6 Months: The flu vaccine (if your baby is 6 months or older), along with the usual vaccines
- 12 Months: Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR), and Meningococcal
- 18 Months: Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Polio, and Hib booster
Be sure to consult your GP or immunisation provider for the full schedule, including any catch-up vaccines your baby might need.
Where to Get Immunisations: Local Clinics and Healthcare Providers
You can get your baby’s vaccinations from your GP, local health clinics, or community health services. Many councils offer public immunisation sessions, which can be a convenient option for busy parents.
How to Prepare for Your Child's Immunisation Appointment
It’s natural to feel a little nervous about your baby’s vaccination. Here are some simple steps to prepare and make the process easier for you both:
Bring Your Baby’s Health Record: Your little one’s health record book tracks their immunisations (also called the "green book").
Let Your Doctor Know: Inform your healthcare provider if your baby has been unwell, had any past reactions to vaccines, or has a health condition.
Check Your Baby’s Health: If your baby has a fever or isn’t feeling well, it might be better to delay the vaccination until they’re feeling better.
What to Expect During Your Baby's Immunisation Appointment
Vaccines are quick and straightforward, but we know it can feel stressful. Here's what you can expect:
- The Needle: Most vaccines are given as injections, usually in your baby’s thigh. Some vaccines, like rotavirus, are given as a drink.
- How to Hold Your Baby: Hold your baby in a firm but gentle cuddle, in a way that feels comforting for them. If they’re older, try distracting them with a toy or your voice to ease their nerves.
Cuddle hold for infants
Hold your child on your lap sitting sideways.
Tuck your child’s inside arm against your chest OR under your armpit with hug-like pressure.
Securely hold your child’s outside arm and outside leg.
Slightly bend your child’s outside knee. This helps relax the thigh muscle.
Side comfort hold for toddlers
Hold your child on your lap sitting sideways.
Tuck your child’s inside arm against your chest OR under your armpit and behind your back. Add gentle pressure between your back and the back of the chair.
Wrap your arm around your child’s back and securely hold your child’s torso and outside arm close to your body.
Use your other arm to hold your child’s forearm firmly against their stomach.
Anchor your child’s legs between your thighs.
Chest to chest (straddle or hug) comfort hold
Have your child sit on your lap facing you and wrap your child’s legs around your waist.
Wrap your arms around the child’s lower back.
Wrap your child’s arms around your waist and hold them firmly under your arms.
Your child can put their head on your shoulder and turn their head away from the procedure.
If your child’s arm reaches all the way behind you, lightly press their arm against the back of the chair.
Post-Immunisation Care: What to Expect and How to Help Your Baby Feel Better
After the vaccine, your baby may have mild side effects, but don’t worry; they’re usually temporary. Here’s what to expect and how to care for your baby:
- Sore Arm or Leg: Apply a cool compress to the injection site for comfort.
- Fever or Fussiness: A slight fever can happen after immunisation. You can help by giving your baby paracetamol (check with your doctor on the right dosage), and offer them extra cuddles if they’re feeling extra fussy.
How to Manage Vaccine Side Effects
Don’t be alarmed if your baby feels a little off after getting their shot. Here’s how to handle common side effects:
- Sore Injection Site: A cool compress can bring some relief.
- Fever: Keep your baby hydrated and comfortable. If they’re uncomfortably hot, a light layer of clothing can help.
- Sleepiness or Irritability: This is normal and should pass. Just keep your baby comfortable and offer extra snuggles.
If you’re ever unsure or notice any severe reactions (like a high fever or swelling that lasts), be sure to contact your healthcare provider for guidance.
The Importance of Immunisation for Your Child and the Community
Immunising your child is not just about their health; it also helps protect the broader community. Herd immunity occurs when enough people are vaccinated, making it harder for diseases to spread to those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons.
Ensuring Your Child’s Health with Immunisation
Immunisation is a gift of protection that gives your child the best start in life. We know that it can be a little daunting, but the benefits are clear: keeping your baby safe from dangerous diseases. Stick to the recommended schedule and consult with your GP if you have any questions or concerns.
Remember, you’re doing a great job by keeping your little one healthy and safe. If you ever have questions or need support, your healthcare provider is always there to help.
References:
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/immunisation-childhood
https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/immunisation-and-vaccinations-for-your-child
https://www.health.vic.gov.au/immunisation/vaccination-for-infants-and-children
